مجلة مركز بابل للدراسات الانسانية

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تعرض القائمة ادناه كل المقالات والبحوث الاكاديمية المنشورة في مجلة مركز بابل للدراسات الانسانية ولكل المجلدات والاعداد . يمكنك تخصيص العرض من خلال اختيار رقم المجلد ورقم العدد لعرض قائمة المنشورات فيه او يمكنك اختيار عرض كل البحوث والمقالات المنشورة من شريط المهام الالكتروني الظاهر اعلاه . يمكنك الاطلاع على بيانات الخاصة بكل بحث كما يمكنك تحميل البحث من بشكل ملف من نوع PDF او عرض النسخة النصية .

Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  371
الشك عند الفلاسفة المسلمين الغزالي أنموذجًا
Doubt At The Muslim Philosophers, Ghazali As a Model     الناشرون : Hana Zayed Abbas هناء زايد عباس     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 525-542    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Dr.hana.z.abbas@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : العقل – الحواس – الحياة الشعورية    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : The mind – The senses – Life emotional
474
Abstract The doubt is an important topic that researchers, scholars, and philosophers have dealt with by researching and experimenting and examining the results to reach the truth and certainty that was their primary goal. Through their use of the term suspicion of the questionable topic and their use of tools that help them out of the circle of doubt to reach certainty through established discussions and debates. Evidence and evidence to stand by this certainty. For this reason, the reason for the widespread suspicion was the result of the tyranny of mental tendency, as well as the large number of differences and the difference and the multiplicity of Shiites. For this, we find among those who complained before the era of al-Ghazali is the Maari, which we see doubt in beliefs and religions as well as doubt in punishment and reward and in the resurrection of bodies, so his doubt was closer to the philosophical suspicion of poetic doubt.We also find the doubt of Hamdhani, whose reason for his doubt was his appetite for speech and also a request to rise from the lowest of adherence. Reason and emotional life lived a bout of suspicion in order to reach the truth and achieve happiness, virtue and perfection. This was the goal of those with systematic suspicion, which is one of the types of suspicion whose owners want to be a sound way to reach the true true knowledge and the other real type that influences its owners weighting, probability or stopping Make any judgment . We also note the link between doubt and philosophy through the theory of knowledge, where this doubt is used to express the ability of the human mind to reach certain knowledge, and we find that a person’s thinking about himself and his mind is always followed by suspicion, as knowledge is a relationship between the mind and the external thing. As for the relationship of doubt and psychology, it becomes clear to us that a person does not accept any ideas and opinions that he encounters without looking into them. Therefore, doubt is satisfactory when we see him moving to exaggeration in anxiety, delusion and suspicion.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  408
مدينة كازرون دراسة في موقعها الجغرافي وأحوالها السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية من القرن الخامس وحتى نهاية القرن التاسع الهجريين
Kazerun city A study of its geographical location and its political, social and economic conditions     الناشرون : Yousef Kazem Jgal Al Shammari يوسف كاظم جغيـــل الشمريّ, Iman Abdel Kadhim Abis Nassif Al – Jubouri إيمان عبد الكاظم عبيس نصيف الجبوري     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 479-524    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Omithak@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : كازرون، الحياة الفكرية، الحياة السياسية، الحياة الاقتصادية، علماء    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Kazron, intellectual life, political life, economic life, scholars
473
Abstract: The city of Kazerun is one of the cities of the Islamic East, which dates back to the era of the Sassanid Empire (226-641 AD), as it was its capital, and despite its ancient history that extends to ancient roots, this city remained without any integrated study in its political conditions Social, economic and religious. The Islamic conquests affected Persia in general and the city of Kazerun in particular, as it is from a social point of view that there were groups of society other than what they were before Islam, including Muslims as the local rulers of Persia, in addition to the local population of the Magi and Christians and the few Jews. The city of Kazerun is one of the agricultural cities with fertility in its soil and cultivation of various crops, and it has become widely known in the manufacture of linen clothing, and has a commercial significance for its location between the city of Shiraz, which is a base for Persia on the one hand and the Caspian Sea (Bahr al-Khazar) on the other in Islamic times. This city has been distinguished by the emergence of a number of scholars in the villages and its stores affiliated to the city of Kazerun, and they have contributed to enriching intellectual life in the city in particular and the Islamic world in general, such as: Al-Murejani, Kaskani and Al-Dawani. A number of Muslim scholars who left their impact on the city and from them. Shiraz Al-Alam, the gift of God bin Abd al-Warith al-Shirazi, and the city of Ruzbeh, the scholar Ibn Hasankwayh, the Persian Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Al-Hassan, and from the city of Nushanjan, the world, Talha bin Ahmed bin Ayoub Al-Muqri Al-Nushajani, and from Ahwaz Ahmed bin Aqeel bin Rajeh. In addition, the scientific titles obtained by Kazarun scholars have confirmed their diverse scientific product, and the evidence for this is what their scientists have classified in works in the religious, human, mobile, and mental sciences.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  395
أثر العوامل الاقتصادية في تخطيط سلطنة غرناطة - الزراعة انموذجاً-
Impact of economic factors In the planning of the authority of Granada - Agriculture is a model-     الناشرون : Essam Gatie Dawood عصام كاطع داود,Buthaina Adel Omran بثينة عادل عمران     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 459-478    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Adelbuthainh2@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : غرناطة، العوامل الاقتصادية، الزراعة، القناطر، وسائل الري   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Granada, economic factors, agriculture, rainwater, irrigation systems
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Abstract Granada, like other Andalusian cities, witnessed economic activity and prosperity in all areas of economic life such as: agriculture, as the area of agricultural land expanded in Granada, as well as industry, as it had planned and established many factories in it and its cities; Because of the flourishing of agriculture, while trade is no less important than its predecessor, agriculture has played a role in expanding Granada in terms of expanding the planning of markets, shops and caesars due to the expansion of the cultivated land area as well as the activity of many villages that lacked the ingredients of agriculture thanks to several measures taken by the rulers And the sultans, who followed the rule of Granada, helped the activity of these villages, their size, and the increase in agricultural production. The effects of the prosperity of agriculture in Granada had a positive reflection on the public life of the country’s enjoyment of prosperity, prosperity, prosperity and stability, in addition to that it also contributed to the process of expanding industrial production by exploiting the surplus of agricultural products in many industries, so many industries spread in them, including industry Paper, sugar, oil, grain milling and other industries. This development did not come from a vacuum but rather through the concerted efforts of Bani Al-Ahmar in this city, so I worked on building arches on rivers, and these arches are moving and their location on the exits of the city, and the purpose of their construction to protect the city, as well as to link parts and areas of the banks of Granada, were built on the banks of rivers, As the rulers, starting with the Almohad rulers as well as the Sultans of Bani Nasr, paid great attention to the construction of the arches. In addition, the people of Granada lost several irrigation methods. The fact that the lands of Granada were not at the same level, which led them to find multiple ways to deliver water to the highlands by building dams, bridges and digging canals, which are among the important means of irrigation to transport water from the river to remote lands that lack the presence of water in it, and depend on its cultivation on water Rivers.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  417
انعكاسات السايكودراما في نص مسرحية (مطر صيف) لـ (علي عبد النبي الزيدي)
Reflections of the Saikodrama in the text of the play (rain summer) to (Ali Abdul Nabi Zaidi)     الناشرون : Zahraa Noman Sadiq Al–Kuwaiti زهراء نعمان صادق الكويتي ,Amer Mohammed Hussein عامر محمد حسين     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 433-458    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Amerm.hussein@uokufa.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : السايكودراما، الانعكاسات، التنفيس، التطهير، الطقوس، الكبت، الموسيقى   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Psychodrama, reflections, venting, cleansing, ritual, suppressing, music
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Abstract Psychodrama is a means of psycho-social therapy (both individually and collectively for young and old) through the theater, employing the techniques and techniques of the Seikodrama through theatrical text, reflecting the political, economic, social, psychological, artistic, religious, cultural and environmental dimensions. (The rain of summer) for (Ali Abdul Nabi Zaidi). "The four chapters contained the first chapter on the methodology of research and included the problem of research on the following question: (What are the implications of the Seikodrama in the text of the play (rain summer) Ali Abdul Nabi Zaidi) The search was done The aim of the research is to identify the extent of the effects of the saikodrama in the text of the play "Summer Rain" by Ali Abdul Nabi al-Zaidi. The limits of the research have been extended for a period of (2011) and spatial limitations: Iraq, While the objective limit is to study the implications of the Seikodrama in the text of the play "Summer Rain" by (Ali Abdul Nabi Al Zaidi). The second chapter is related to the theoretical discussions and the theoretical framework. The second chapter dealt with the theoretical references to (Ali Abdul Nabi Al-Zaidi). The third chapter came to be the research procedures where the researchers adopted the research society. The text of the play (Summer Rain) The researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach in the method of text analysis and the research tool, which was based on the theoretical framework indicators and the literature that means the cycrorama as well as the analysis of the sample and its presentation to the experts. In the fourth chapter where the results were drawn up and mentioned 1-1 Seikodrama has developed awareness of the negative behavior of the characters who suffer from mental disorder, even knowing the error and the realization of the bitter reality and face the problem to reach consensus with others. As in the character (in the play Rain Summer). The conclusions mention: 1-1 Seikodrama was known as an important means of cleansing, which is called psychologists (emotional venting( Then recommendations and proposals and finally a list of sources and references and summary in English.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  365
تطور كتابة السيرة الذاتية في الرواية العبرية في القرن الحادي والعشرين
Autobiography writing developed in the Hebrew Roman in the Twenty-first century     الناشرون : Fikry Jawad Abid فكري جواد عبد     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 415-432    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : alfkr@hotmil.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : السيرة الذاتية، الرواية، الادب العبري   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Autobiography, Hebrew literature, Roman
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Abstract Autobiography writing is one of the common literary arts in world literature. This literary genre had a distinguished position in Hebrew literature during its various periods Many Israeli writers excelled in writing a Autobiography, which, by telling the details of their lives and those of their parents, contributed to focusing on important joints of modern Jewish history in Israel and in the countries of the world. The research analyzed and studied five Hebrew fiction works published in Israel at the beginning of the twenty-first century, and concluded the most important goals that the authors wanted to reach by writing their Autobiographies A Autobiography that has ancient roots in international literature, as well as the matter in Hebrew literature. Its literary features began to grow deeper and more mature during the past decades. Studies and research on this literary art have come, so this research came to discuss this important literary issue, as this research reviews the most important aspects that the novelists wanted The Israelis shed light on them or used them to serve their goals when writing their biographies, the most important of which are the political goals that the novelists considered affecting the political presence of them and their state, as well as the social and economic that the Israeli writers tried to address by writing their biographies. This research studies the most important Jewish writers who wrote their biographies in the beginnings of the twenty-first century, novelists Uri Branstein, Rachel Sidov Mizrahi, Amos Oz, Sasson Sumikh, Yehudit Katzir they are the subject of the research and his sample and who were able to write their biographies that not only reflect the memories of their childhood but also tried That they include the history of their country, the history of their people, and the historical fluctuations that they went through during the period that preceded and after the declaration of the establishment of their state, and the problems the Middle East suffered after this time.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  398
مفهوم الوطن في نتاجات سامي ميخائيل
The homeland in the product of Sami Michael      الناشرون : Ali Mohamed Rashed علي محمد رشيد     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 387-414    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : al_20_al2005@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : سامي ميخائيل ، مياه تقبل مياه ، متساوون ومتساوون أكثر ، الوطن ، المرأة   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Sami Michael, Water Kissing Water , All Men are Equal – But Some are More , Home, women
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Abstract Our research addresses one of the aspects of nostalgia for one of the most well-known Israeli writers of Iraqi origin (Sami Michael) who spent his childhood in Baghdad. The Israeli government has also been forced to emigrate with its family as a result of the Zionist propaganda that the Zionist institutions have followed since the early decades of this century in the Arab unrest and massacres. The fact that the homeland is like a mother is A fact that is compelling and something of an expatriate human being; the homeland is a fact that remains in the person s consciousness to be the image of the mother: The lover, love, safety, identity. The language that is formulated, and the memories that make its past, present and future, are all concepts of motherhood, its essence, its meaning and its necessity to create a more balanced life. The loss of the homeland and the mother are both The greatest losses; in addition to the pain of their occurrence, they also carry a deep dimension to what one is accustomed to, and has lived to for good and for bad, in proximity, distance, awareness and imagination. The vision of writer Sami Michael of the past is romantic and nostalgic. This is what has been evident in many of his novels, and this undoubtedly is due to the grace of peace and goodwill that has painted the Arab world and its relations with all its sects. It is no surprise that the phenomenon of longing is linked to the roots and care taken by the individual in his childhood and life. Hence, nostalgia was a phenomenon that was not confined to a particular individual, but that became a general human phenomenon for all who lived in two different environments in terms of human relations and attitudes. However, good the new conditions that an individual lives in his or her strange environment are, there are many things that are nostalgic for him, especially as the early building blocks of his life have been built in his or her motherland

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  397
المشترك السامي وأثره في الترجمات العبرية لمعاني القرآن الكريم ترجمة أوري روبين سورة البقرة أنموذجاً
The Influence of the Common Semitic in the Hebrew Translation of to the Meanings of the Holy Quran: Ory Rodin s Translation Al-Bakarah Surah as an Example     الناشرون : Ali Sudad Ja far علي سداد جعفر     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 365-386    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Alisudad28@gmail.com,art.ali.sudad@uobabylon.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : القرآن الكريم ، اللغة العبرية ، الترجمة ، الترجمة الدينية ، المتشابه السامي ، اللغات السامية    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : The Holy Quran, Hebrew, Translation, Religious Translation, the common Semitic, Semitic Languages
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Abstract: We must talk about the translation that was begining a simple and modest translation. It convincingly met the needs of the people and what was going on from simple ideas in their minds that met their ambi tion in trade, satiated their desires in travel, and saved them in wars. In that beginning, there was nothing to govern the translation, as it was without rules governing it, nor the foundations upon which its origins were based. It is so simple that it was to satisfy human desires and complete their actions. And translation is branches, the most important of which is religious translation, and religious translation is an important branch of translation, and it is classified as a type that has privacy from other types of translation. The interest in it must be different from other translations, because it cares about a divine text that is holy, if it is not sacred to the translator, it is holy to Others must be dealt with differently, whether the text is celestial or non-celestial, the translator must take into account respect for that text; The sacred text is a text that is perfect for its owner. The translation of the Holy Qur’an into other languages is a very important topic as it pertains to the Book of God and its revelation. The Holy Qur’an is not the same as a book of rhetoric, meaning and composition. The meaning alone cannot be considered a Qur’an but rather in its pronunciation and its meaning is a Arabic Qur’an. What was done is a translation of the meanings of the interpretation of the Qur’an, because the Qur’an is a revelation from God that is not translated in human terms and this is a fact that must be mentioned. on the topic of translating the meanings of the Noble Qur’an into the Hebrew language received attention from researchers and translators because of its connection with the sanctity of the Book of God. Words, meanings, structures, and words cannot be translated literally without returning to the books of interpretation, the opinions of scholars and Arabic lexicals, and finding their various meanings in order to arrive at a sound translation, especially to the Hebrew language, as well as a difference in the overall topics of grammar, grammar, rhetoric, legal rulings and many others. The primary goal for which I translated the meanings of the Holy Quran into Hebrew during the twentieth century is scientific research in addition to the goal of increasing knowledge and general culture, as well as to distort the image of the Islamic religion by distorting the translation of the meanings of the Holy Quran. It was not intended as a religious target.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  468
السيد ميرزا صالح القزويني ( 1257 -1304هـ/ 1841- 1886م) ( دراسة تاريخية)
Al sayad Mirza Saleh AL-Qizwny ( 1257-1304A.H/ 1841-1886 A.D) (Historical study)     الناشرون : Nadia Jasem Kadhim Al-Shammari نادية جاسم كاظم الشمري,Muhammad Ismail Abdullah محمد اسماعيل عبدالله     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 333-364    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Dr.nadia@uobabylon.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : العلم،الحركة الفكرية،الثورة،المعرفة العلمية،الشعر والنثر   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Science,The movement of intellectual, Revolution, Scientific Knowledge , Poetry and Prose
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Abstract The study of the personality of Alsayd Salih Mahdi Hassan Ahmad Al-Husseini Al-Qazwini Al-Hili Al-Najafi (1841-1886) is one of the important studies that must be highlighted, because she belongs to the Al-Qazwini family, which was famous for its religious sciences and literary councils, which presented hundreds of Scholars, Poets and talents that spread their fame in the nineteenth century. And the early twentieth century, in addition to being a purposeful human character characterized by high morals and a behavioral commitment to principles and assets, where he was a high degree of piety, kindness to the needy and willing to serve and organize their life affairs, and the house was populated in Hindi to pay harm for the oppressed and the weak, housing hearts The general public, with the dreams that it carries, the goodness, the power of Jinan, the help of the poor, and its wide open doors for writers, guests, and heads of needs Many scholars and poets see him as a refuge when they face complex social problems. The historical research revealed that Alsayed Saleh Al-Qazwini, a scientific encyclopedia, excelled in writing books and letters, especially the provisions of accessible acts of worship, a message in doctrinal and juristic matters that have acquired great importance, because they are considered an original source from the important sources that were written on the Five Principles of Monotheism, Justice, Prophethood, Imamat, and Maad, and gave a detailed explanation About these origins and is an original reference for all researchers who are searching in the field of these topics, which are the basis in life and death in various human societies. The study showed that Alsayed Saleh Al-Qazwini was a brilliant literary poet, prose, eloquent, eloquent and lecturer, and among the memorizers of the Holy Qur’an, citing it, arguing and debating in a persuasive and objective manner dialogue based on conclusive evidence, housing the Tourij district, and was interested in organizing economic aspects and reforming agricultural lands still in the hands of His children and grandchildren to the present time . Alsayed Saleh Al-Qazwini is considered one of the most prominent pioneers of the literary movement in the second half of the nineteenth century, which had his methods in this literary field, poetry and prose, and his poetry became one of the masterpieces of Arabic literature that gave the reader a true, clear picture and in a clear and sincere expression that became a living example that was followed by scholars and writers. His era, which is represented by his deep love filled with loyalty and devotion to the family of the household and the mention of the prophets and imams all the time, and his poems testify to him in the lament of Imam Hussain, who revealed to us the honorable position that Imam Al-Hussein stood, laying down his pure body in the blood of martyrdom in order to uphold the word of truth, there is no god but God Muhammad is the Messenger of God. The study showed that Alsayed Saleh Al-Qazwini, the founder of the “Tourij Run”, played an effective leadership role in this run in honor and honor to commemorate the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, peace be upon him. It ends with the sacred Husaynid presence, interspersed with reading poems and The tragic sad poems, an expression of pain and sorrow for the martyrdom of Imam Hussein, peace be upon him, and this run has continued throughout the generations until the present time.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  414
فلسفة الدين والسياسة عند باروخ سبينوزا
Philosophy of Religion and Politics by Baruch Spinoza     الناشرون : Mustafa Fadel Karim Al-Khafaji مصطفى فاضل كريم الخفاجي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 303-332    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : m.mostaffa@uobabylon.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : فلسفة,دين,سياسة,سبينوزا   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Philosophy, religion, politics, Spinoza
466
Abstract Espinoza s religious and political philosophy is of particular importance today because it links the acceptance of modern science with the traditional perception of normative philosophy function. By liberating the mind from heresies and the myth of old beliefs through the freedom of thought in religious subjects and the need to separate religion from state policy and renounce all political rule that claims to derive his authority from the source of the divine and this is addressed by Espinosa (political theological research). Spinoza is considered one of the greatest advocates of "not mixing religion and the state" as the guarantor of freedom of thought and belief, which we describe in the second title of a letter in theology and politics in which Spinoza considers that freedom does not pose a threat to the integrity of the state. It is the freedom to interpret the religious text, since no one has the right but the exclusive right to monopolize the act of interpretation. In other words, Spinoza s work is directed mainly at every priestly authority. His defense of freedom of thought and belief in his realization is evident in a new interpretation of the Bible that does not depart from or deviate from ontology, as its features explained in the first part of the book "Al-Atiqah"; Therefore, his defense of democracy was based on the search for a system that provides a great guarantee for freedom, which is explained by his work of defending "secularism" and criticizing the theocratic regime Spinoza s criticism stems, initially, from the fact that the Bible is the word of God that aims to teach people true happiness, but the people s interpretations have moved away from the true essence of religion. Therefore, the historical criticism of the books of the book aims to show this real priesthood and not the similarity of bridging all who are seen as Science or philosophy, and not accepting what is not clear; Any sign of his health, which Spinoza declares at the beginning of the book, where he says: "I resolved seriously and without pretension, to return again, with intellectual freedom, to examine the Bible, and not to prove or accept anything from his teachings that I did not draw from it quite clearly," On the basis of this rule, I have formed a method for the interpretation of the Holy Scriptures, "a method" that does not differ from that adopted in the interpretation of nature, but rather agrees with it completely ", which considers nature as a self-standing substance that depends in its existence only on itself, and is subject only to its internal laws that can Her knowledge of reason, just as everything is inferred from the Bible, is only understood through his inner laws in complete independence from anything that does not belong to the text. .

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  318
متطلبات الحال في الجملة العربية
Case requirements in the Arabic sentence     الناشرون : Muhammad Ismail Abdullah محمد إسماعيل عبد الله,Qassim Rahim Hassan Al-Sultani قاسم رحيم حسن السلطاني     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 273-302    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : mhmqasm88@gmai.com,Dr.qasim1972@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الحال، الجملة العربية، الوصف، النكرة، النصب، البيان، صاحب الحال   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : The case, the Arabic sentence, description, negation, monument, statement, the case owner
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Abstract The case is an important description in the expression, which represents in the sentence the clear basis for the course of events, and it gives the speech a specificity that is necessary for the words to be straightened and the meaning to be completed. The case is an important element in the vocabulary of the sentence, and the situation can be dispensed with in resources that are not intended to clarify the situation in it. The situation is a clear description that is presented to understand some of the meanings of its owner, which is described in the sentence, and is capable of abandoning its owner because it is an unstable, moving description, which allows at the moment of its existence to understand its owner with a kind of rapid understanding and is recognized and assigned to him some identification and allocation. There are many requirements for this case to ensure that this research is addressed and researched: there are verbal requirements agreed upon by grammarians, and they are many requirements, such as the situation is described and that it is erect, and it is a bounty and a statement, and so on, and among other requirements that the grammarians referred to implicitly, and they are also many requirements, such as The case is a name and its owner is also a name, and it is an adjective in the clarification, and it is only used for stability, in other cases.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  308
تطور الحركة الوطنية في العراق قبل اجازة الاحزاب المعارضة العلنية عام 1946
The evolution of the national movement in Iraq before the departure of the opposition parties in public in 1946     الناشرون : Ehab Hussein Ali Hussein ايهاب حسين علي حسين     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 231-272    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : alehab446@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : احزاب سياسية, صراعات ,حركات وطنية , معارضات حزبية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : political parties , conflicts , national movements , partisan opposition
464
Abstract The establishment of the Iraqi state witnessed an activity of Iraqi intellectual leaders that extended until the emergence of the Second World War, which reflects the diversity of intellectual and ideological trends that were the product of the Arab Renaissance Movement, which affected the nature of those formations that took place later, knowing that this period appeared in two important roles the first: Since the promulgation of the Societies Act of 1922 and ending with the establishment of Parliament, during which public parties were established. As for the second: it was after the establishment of Parliament until the establishment of the Second World War, which directly affected the overall political process at that time, and also after that new parties emerged that were formed following the political process according to variables imposed by policy. Post World War II. This stage was affected by the emergence of political ideologies that passed and at the same time affected the formation of Iraqi ministries and it marks the beginning of a stage of political party activity that may be against the political process represented by the government while the Iraqis realized that it was related to the British presence in Iraq, so some considered it the reason for the delay in issuing the law of parties is The nature of the formation of political parties in Iraq, as they are mostly religious, sectarian, or ethnic parties, so their presence in this formation is contrary to law and democratic life and its values, in addition to the fact that some political parties receive external financing, which violates their independence and makes them easy to lead to regional parties or fall under The impact of its interests in Iraq, just as the outbreak of the First World War The British occupation of Iraq was a reason that Iraq witnessed the emergence of movements, gatherings and political parties founded and led by educated elites and well-known social figures at the time, and everyone s goal was to seek to end the British occupation and mandate and declare independence and build a modern state. These parties and movements achieved their demands during a period of ten years when Britain agreed to enter into political negotiations that ended with the signing of the 1930 treaty that opened the way for Iraq to obtain its independence and seat in the League of Nations in 1932.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  342
تصميم وحدة تعليمية باستعمال (نمط روثكوف)، وقياس أثرها في التحصيل الإملائي للمرحلة الابتدائية
Design of an educational unit using the Rothkoff style, and measuring its effect on the primary spelling achievement     الناشرون : Makki Farhan Kareem AL- Ibrahimi مكي فرحان كريم الإبراهيمي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 213-230    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : MAKKi.KAreem@qu.edu.iq
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : تصميم وحدة تعليمية، (نمط روثكوف)، التحصيل الإملائي، المرحلة الابتدائية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Design of an educational unit ,the Rothkoff style, the primary, spelling achievement
463
Abstract : This research aims to define the design of an educational unit using the (Rothkov pattern), and to measure its effect on the spelling of the primary stage, and to achieve the research goal, the researcher adopted an experimental design located in the field of experimental designs with partial control and a post-test, for two groups, an experimental group and a control group. The researcher intentionally chose the mixed new generation school to apply his experience in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate. The research sample reached (68) male and female students, with (34) male and female students distributed between the two groups (the control group and the experimental group), and the researcher performed a statistical equivalence between The two research groups had some procedural variables, and the researcher formulated (30) behavioral goals for the subjects studied during the experiment period. Prepare daily teaching plans to teach the two research groups (the control group and the experimental group). As for the research tool, it was a spelling piece that the researcher considered as a test in the spelling, and the researcher applied the research tool to the two research groups (control group and experimental group) after the end of the experiment period. By using a set of statistical means, the results of the research showed that there are statistically significant differences according to the group variable in favor of the experimental group, and statistically significant differences according to the gender variable for the interest of the experimental group students, and no statistically significant interaction between group and gender variables.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  301
الأنساق الثقافية في رواية الكافرة " للروائي علي بدر
Cultural patterns in the story of" infidelity"the novelist ali badr     الناشرون : Hawraa aziz oliewi Alqiam حوراء عزيز عليوي الكيم     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 189-212    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : hawraaalkaim@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : نبذة عن حياة الروائي علي بدر، النسق في اللغة والاصطلاح، الأنساق الثقافية في عتبة العنوان والغلاف، اختراق الدين بدلالات محرفة، نسق السلطة، النسق الاجتماعي، هيمنة السلطة الذكورية، النسق التاريخي    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : about the life of novelist ali badr,format in language and terminology, cultural in title and envelope threshold, break through religion in distorted connotations, power layout, social pattern, the dominance of male power, historical format
462
Abstract Cultural criticism has left its mark on the literary and critical scence, when it was sparked by critic Abdullah al-ghazhami in his book" Cultural criticism reading in the implicit cultural systems " reactions and uproar filled the arab monetary arena with many debates, being called for cultural criticism, this indicates a cultural leap whose cries resounded and continued to be authored and researched in this field anumber of books were published that enriched literature and criticism, we in turn, are interested in research in this cultural literary field our choice fell on the infidel novel by ali badr, it is one of the novels that focused on monitoring part of the Iraqi reality that was not heard after 2003, our study focuses on monitoring the implicit formats and reveals a lot about the reality struck by terrorism the body of many innocent people gnawed to crack the built wall and reveal the fragility of miserale reality . And the novel of unbelievers is a bold narration in the presentation of many intellectual formats deposited under multiple masks, the political reality is flawed by dislocation and turmoil as a result of sectarian domination which weakened the religious and social fabric, which prepared for the emergence of group claiming religion it calls for the return of the Islamic caliphate, and it took control of various parts of the Iraqi lands, power and power were used those spote, and they corrupted the original values to solve : corruption, defeat, disintegration and weak social structure, the ideas and values held by these armed groups dominated to spread an alternative culture of terror, fear and murder . Practices outside the farmeworks of society formulated by armed groups are continuing to ensure community transformation and adaptation, hence, the power and authority pattern dominated, the narrative text aims to expose society and highlight the faults and faults inherent in it I also highlight the authority of men over women and the depiction of women is a negative being refacted to suffer from alienation and do social profiling, just as it showed the vast difference between the two cultures arab that tends towads imposing restrictions and curbing freedom and western culture that gave freedom to its members, this is what the Fatima/ sophie personality showed, Fatima, who carries within it the past with all his pain and physical and psychological refraction, and sophie is living the present after I took off the veil of the past .

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  353
شرفة المؤذن في مآذن العراق حتى نهاية العصر الألخاني
The Muezzin s balcony in the minarets of Iraq until the end of The Age of Al-Khani     الناشرون : Dhia Nema Mohammad ضياء نعمه محمد     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 147-188    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : deyahnemaa@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : المآذن , الشرفة , الحوض , اشكال المقطع , العناصر التزينية    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : minarets, balcony, basin, section shapes, decorative elements.
461
Abstract: Minarets are among the most important architectural elements that define the architectural identity of Islamic buildings, and Iraq is among the Islamic countries that have had a large share in preserving many Islamic buildings, and the prominent element among its elements was the minaret. The viewer on the horizon of Iraqi cities notes at first sight the forms of their minarets that It decorates that horizon with multiple forms and different heights, and it reflects the summary of architectural engineering thought, which was characterized by the compatibility between the architectural design and the functional purpose, which is represented by the highest call of prayer, and with the passage of time it has other forms and functions, and as the number increased in the one mosque, and its position varied between the pillars of the mosque, or To the sides of the prayer house, or above the entrance or next to it, and its presence was not limited to mosques, but appeared in some Islamic buildings, such as schools, Perhaps the most prominent element in the minaret that achieves the compatibility between the architectural design and the functional purpose is its balcony or basin, which gives an impression of the engineering capabilities and technical skill in its composition despite the simplicity of the components that make up this element of muqarnas and the fence of the basin and the revolving corridor . We have known this element with different designations in Islamic countries, and we have stood on it, and we have found that it differs rhetorically and agrees with content, and as we have tried to return the first beginnings of this element in Islamic architecture, we have shown the role of the Islamic faith in finding it and defining its career path so that no harm occurs in the place it supervises and we discussed what This architectural element, like other elements of Islamic architecture, was subjected to many theories in which orientalists attributed it to the Christian churches towers, and some of them returned it to the pagan temples, Roman guard posts and observation, or to the lighthouse of Alexandria or to the Babylonian zigzags or guard towers in the Arabian Peninsula. Whatever the origin that was attributed to him, the interest that Islam gave to its function and form, increased the civilization of the building, a spiritual element characterized by elegance and originality and made it a new architectural phenomenon that singled out the Islamic city with no one else, then we studied the presence of this element in the common patterns in Iraq in terms of composition, shape and decoration And we provided an estimate of its shape in the minarets in which this element was subjected to the fall, based on evidence of comparison with the available examples and the remains of the parts that indicate its shape.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  285
الاستدلال بالأدلة النقلية عند الفاضل الهندي (ت 1137هـ)
Inferring evidence of transfer to the Al- fadil Al-Hindi d. 1137 AH     الناشرون : Mohammed Nuri Al-Musawi محمد نوري الموسوي,Dhuha Raheem Afee ضحى رحيم عفي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 107-146    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : noorimhm@yahoo.com ,dhuha9954@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الفاضل الهندي، القرآن الكريم، القراءات القرآنية، الحديث الشريف، كلام العرب   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Al-fadil AL-hindii . The Holy Quran . Quranic readings Prophetic tradition . Arab words
460
Abstract Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and may blessings and peace be upon his best creation, master of the messengers, the illiterate prophet Muhammad al-Amin and his family. The pure and kind, after ... We sought in the tagged research (Inference of transfer evidence according to Al-Fadil Al-Hindi) to uncover evidence of the grammatical industry evidence, the most famous and the most important of which are grammarians in relying on it to collect language and establish rules and rulings, which is hearing and its tributaries: the Holy Qur’an and its readings, the noble hadith and the words of the Arabs system and scattered, In the thought of one of the scholars of the late Safavid state in Iran, the best of his era and the miracle of his age, Bahaa Al-Din Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al-Fadil Al-Isfahani, famous for the Indian virtue (d. 1137 AH). As this research was devoted to show how it benefited from this guide, and its dependence on it in its four compilations: (Explaining the Factors in Grammar), (Explaining the Syntactic Secrets), (The Tahlil Letter), and (Pearl Genius in Explaining the Aleinia Alhamiria), we started the research with an introduction We showed some of the conditions of the virtuous Indian, then we clarified what is meant by hearing. We presented some of its definitions to some ancient and modern scholars, and after that we introduced each of its tributaries explaining the position of the virtuous Indian from these tributaries with examples. The Holy Qur’an and its readings, and the noble hadith, and we have touched in this regard to the dispute of scholars in invoking it, and the words of the Arabs are systematic and strewn, and in this location we also touched on the difference of scholars in determining the classical language, and the research concluded a set of results summarized at the end of the research. The compromise but God I trust him and I turn to him.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  400
الفساد الإداري والمالي في العصر العباسي الأول(132 – 232هـ) ( الخراج أنموذجًا )
Administrative and financial corruption in the first Abbasid period (132 – 232AH) (Kharaj model)     الناشرون : AbdalZahra Jassim Al-Khafaji عبد الزهرة جاسم الخفاجي     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 67-106    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : abedulzahrah@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الفساد، الاداري، المالي، العصر العباسي، الخراج   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Administrative --- financial --- corruption --- Abbasid period --- Kharaj
459
Abstract The human community suffers from the seriousness of the widespread phenomenon of corruption, and for this reason he intends to take a number of procedures and follow different methods to confront this phenomenon and limit its spread, even though the phenomenon of corruption is an ancient phenomenon, and its feet are due to the feet of human societies. The existence of corruption has been linked to the existence of the political systems that ruled those Societies, and the researchers point out in the phenomenon of corruption that there are several classifications of the phenomenon, and just as corruption has levels, types, and divisions, corruption has manifestations and aspects, and therefore corruption takes many different forms, perhaps the most prominent of which is administrative and financial corruption. And the abscess from taxes approved by Islam, to regulate the relationship of man with the land and the continuation of its reconstruction on the one hand and on the other hand to increase the financial resources of the state, like other taxes such as tribute and tithe to increase the state s financial resources to spend on armies and meet other needs, and not imposing the abscess to overburden the farmers but rather I want to restore it Distributing wealth so that money is not concentrated in one hand, but not another. And because of the importance of the abscess as the main source of the resources of the House of Money in the Abbasid state, on the one hand and on the other hand it represents an institution of administrative and financial nature, the occurrence of financial and administrative corruption in it exists, and the Abbasids announced at the beginning of the establishment of their state but came to fix what the Umayyads corrupted, so the importance The research stems from the fact that financial and administrative corruption is a topical issue, and therefore it is expected that this study will cleanse some visions of those interested in studying the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption and its implications. This research was a study of the phenomenon of administrative and financial corruption in the abscess of the Abbasid state in its first era (132 - 232 AH), and on its sides: its fulfillment and its banks. The nature of the study necessitated following the descriptive historical approach, through which information was collected from sources and references that dealt with the subject of the research for the mentioned period and highlighting the main actor as it affected corruption of the abscess.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  287
الصفة الفاعلية في قصة رستم وسهراب
Application of the present participle in the collection of Rustom and Sohrab     الناشرون : Anwar Abbas Majid أنور عباس مجيد     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 41-66    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : wadi_alsalam76@colang.uobaghdad.edu.iq,wadi_alsalam76@yahoo.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الفردوسي، الشاهنامه، قصة رستم وسهراب، قواعد اللغة الفارسية، الصفة الفاعلية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Ferdowsi, Shahnameh, Story of Rostam and Sohrab, Persian grammar, present participle
458
Abstract The importance of research and study of classical Persian literature It is not hidden. So far, many studies have been done on this subject. Still, there are still some things that need to be looked at further. Persian grammar is one of the important branches of Persian language. This branch has always undergone transformation in different times. One of the issues that has been neglected in classical literature studies is the study of the grammatical topics of the poetic texts and the past editions. These texts can be studied from different perspectives. present participle are made using different strategies. Different types of present participle refer to the concept of work done, or the owner and receiver of implication. The most commonly definition of the present participle attribute is that: "If an attribute performs a work, it is called the present participle." The present participle are made in a variety of ways. But in the meantime, ben present verb has always been an integral part of the building of many of the present participle. Although studies in ancient texts show that, the derivation of the present participle of manifestation is also customary. Now some types of adjectives are also made using ben Madhi. In this article, we are going to look at the story of "Rostom and Sohrab" and examine its present participle And its multiple types and most of the suffixes that were mentioned in this poetic group, which is one of the masterpieces of the great Iranian poet Abu al-Qasim al-Firdousi and his historical epic which he called Shahnameh and its meaning (the conduct of the kings), which is an important historical source that benefited from and was used by most Iranian historians and western Orientalists in order to get acquainted with the history of Ancient Persia and what legends tell of them in a wonderful epic poetic style.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  349
الانتحار دراسة اجتماعية ميدانية في محافظة ذي قار
Suicide is a field social study In Dhi Qar Governorate     الناشرون : Uday bachay shabeeb عدي بجاي شبيب     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 21-40    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : audayshabeeb@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : الانتحار ، الظواهر الاجتماعية ، المجتمع العراقي   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Suicide, Social Phenomena ,Iraqi Society
457
Abstract Suicide is one of the most striking social phenomena of the last decade in Iraqi society. It is one of the most uncertain social problems, especially in our Iraqi society, where customs and traditions impose a security cordon on the suicide, his family and the causes and motives of the suicide. (2011- 2014) the temporal area of field analysis (75) Suicide in Dhi Qar province analysed for 50 male and 25 female, and the researcher has relied on the case-study curriculum as the most appropriate for such research. The research raised several questions, including what were the reasons for the individual s suicide, whether there were social, economic and political reasons for the individual s suicide, as a protest against deteriorating socio-economic and social conditions, and whether the rights of the individual were not recognized, civil rights such as living in dignity and respect for his or her civil and human rights, To what extent can we devise solutions to reduce the prevalence of suicide, the researcher has found a series of findings, including: Unlike women, the number of suicides is higher in the summer, while the youth group is the highest among suicides. The research recommends that community institutions be called upon to take responsibility for the phenomenon of suicide, which has begun to spread alarmingly among Iraqi society in the development and implementation of awareness-raising, education and counselling programmes. Research centres should also be invited to carry out further studies on the phenomenon of suicide.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  329
قلق البطالة لدى طلبة الجامعة
Unemployment Concern Among University Students     الناشرون : Jamal Obayes Shambara Al Jubouri جمال عبيس شمباره الجبوري , Madeen Nouri Talak مدين نوري طلاك     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 3
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 1-20    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : Jamalalqasim2015@gmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : قلق البطالة – طلبة الجامعة    الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Unemployment Concern - University Students
456
Abstract : For more than a quarter of a century, unemployment has become a structural problem at the global level. Despite recovery and economic growth, it has been increasing year after year. In developing countries, unemployment worsens overall as development efforts continue to fail, foreign debt is increased and rigid fiscal discipline programs are implemented. What is more dangerous is that there is a severe poverty in the current economic thinking to understand the problem of unemployment and ways to get out of it, which has encouraged the emergence of concern about unemployment. The current research aims to identify: 1. Unemployment concern among university students. 2. Statistical differences in the unemployment anxiety of university students according to the sex variables (male - female) specialization (scientific - human) grade (second - fourth). The research was determined by students of the University of Babylon and for grades (second-fourth) for the academic year (2017 - 2018). To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher relied on the following: Building a measure of unemployment concern among university students. After reviewing the literature and previous studies related to the subject and adopting it from the point of view of the humanists, the standard was finalized after completing the conditions of honesty, consistency and ability to distinguish from (32) paragraphs divided into (4) Feilds The economic dimension, the professional dimension, the psychological dimension. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher applied the criteria to a sample of (532) students at the University of Babylon for the academic year (2017-2018). The data were then analyzed using the statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. 1. University students suffer from unemployment concerns. 2 - There are no statistically significant differences in the degree of unemployment concern among university students according to gender variables (male - female), specialization (scientific - human) and grade (second - fourth). Based on these results, the research produced a number of recommendations and proposals.

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Reseach عدد مرات التحميل:  653
لمحة عن الاتصالات بين الصين والبلدان العربية في عهد أسرة مينغ الملكية
Overview of the Contacts between China and the Arab World during the Ming Dynasty     الناشرون : يانغلو لي Yanglu Li     المجلد: 10 / العدد : 2
سنـة النشر : 2020 , الصفحات داخل العدد 391-406    البريد الالكتروني للباحث : lylken@hotmail.com
الكلمات الدلالية باللغة العربية : تاريخ التبادلات، العلاقات بين الصين والعالم العربي، الإسلام، أسرة مينغ الملكية   الكلمات الدلالية باللغة الانكليزية : Communication History, The Relations between China and Arab World, Islam, Ming Dynasty
455
The China-Arab relationship can date back to ancient times. This humble paper aims to study this relationship since the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century in general and its development in the Ming Dynasty in the fourteenth century in particular. It focuses on the following goals: First, discovering the most important information about the influence of the two ancient civilizations with each other before the Ming Dynasty; Second, analyzing the achievements made during the Ming Dynasty and the characteristics of the Sino-Arab relationship in this era; Third, comparing the Sino-Arab relationship during the Ming Dynasty with that in previous eras and analyzing the similarities and differences among them. The paper relies on the descriptive-analytical method to present the most important issues in the ancient Chinese-Arab relationship such as the spreading of Islam and the Arabic in China and the attitudes of the central government towards them, then it also explains those issues by analyzing the texts, explains the reasons for their emergence and development and analyzes the similarities and differences among them. Thus it is appropriate to borrow the comparative approach as well.

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